La apertura de diafragma es uno de los tres principios básicos de la exposición de una fotografía. Junto a la velocidad de obturación y al ISO conforma el triángulo de la exposición.
Apertura de diafragma

La apertura de diafragma es uno de los tres principios básicos de la exposición de una fotografía. Junto a la velocidad de obturación y al ISO conforma el triángulo de la exposición.
La velocidad de obturación es uno de los tres términos fundamentales que definen la exposición de una fotografía. Juntamente con la apertura de diafragma y el ISO, forman el triángulo de la exposición.
Una cámara Full Frame (FF) se caracteriza por su sensor con un tamaño de 36 mm x 24 mm. Este formato se ha heredado del carrete de 35 mm de las antiguas cámaras analógicas. Es un tamaño estándar respecto al cual se referencian las distancias focales de los objetivos. Dicho de otra forma, las cámaras con sensor Full Frame no tienen factor de recorte.
Estas cámaras o estos sensores también se pueden llamar de fotograma completo, aunque erróneamente se suele llamar de formato completo. Esto se debe a una traducción incorrecta, asociada a la similitud de palabras con el sensor de formato medio que, de hecho es mayor que el de las cámaras Full Frame
Una cámara APS-C se caracteriza por su sensor de formato APS-C (Advanced Photo System type-C), con unas dimensiones aproximadamente iguales a 23,6 mm × 15,6 mm. Dado que el área de este sensor es menor (1.5 veces) que un sensor Full Frame, hay que aplicar un factor de recorte.
El tamaño del sensor APS-C no es universal y de hecho puede variar según marca y modelo. En el caso de Canon por ejemplo, su formato APS-C es ligeramente más pequeño que el del resto de marcas y el tamaño aproximado de su sensor APS-C es de 22.2 mm x 14.8 mm (1.6 veces menor que Full Frame).
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